Darwin

Hello dear friend,
Everyone and all students in the world knows Darwin.

Darwin, in simple words says that every kind of the living creatures in the earth, has Evolution in the centuries. Specifically, as random genetic mutations occur within an organism's genetic code, the beneficial mutations are preserved because they aid survival - a process known as "natural selection".

Here is the problem and my question:

1. We have random genetic mutations within an organism's genetic code and
2. We also have beneficial mutations (because they aid survival) at "natural selection"

• What are the random genetic mutations? Who defines the random?
• What are the beneficial mutations? How can we detect them?
• Evolution? How we prove that too? Have anyone discovered inside the millions of animal kinds and plants the evolution? Where are the ancestors of dog, cat, horse, elephant, crocodile creatures? Do not say to me that the evolution from mammoth is the elephant. I will be happy if someone comment here 5 creatures and their ancestors that met the evolution.
  
• Why have we to learn this theory at school, despite the fact that nothing is yet proved?
• Darwin (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) published his theory with compelling evidence for evolution in his 1859 book On the Origin of Species and he is talking about organism's genetic code. With NO proof he speaks about organism's genetic code and after 69 years of his publication, James Dewey Watson (born April 6, 1928) and Francis Harry Compton Crick (8 June 1916 – 28 July 2004) in 1953 discovered the structure of DNA. How Darwin did knew about the DNA 69 years before it has being discovered?
• Why we have not yet got an official scientific statement with research and proofs about the DNA?

Is there any extra knowledge that it is forbidden?
We will learn :-)